Lernaeidae parasitic on freshwater fishes in ehime prefecture, shikoku, japan kazuya nagasawa graduate school of biosphere science, hiroshima university,144 kagamiyama, higashihiroshima, hiroshima 7398528, japan abstract specimens of lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus, 1758 were collected from the anal. Lernaeidae, or anchor worms, cause lernaeosis and are parasitic copepod found on the skin and gills of freshwater fish 3. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. We used the nominal species lernaea cyprinacea and lernaea cruciata. Because lernaea is a copepod and crustacean, it is related. In the above fishery farms, where our observations have lasted for.
A comparative study on the parasitic fauna of the common carp cyprinus carpio from ainkawa fish hatchery erbil and lesser zab river in kurdistan region, iraq a thesis submitted to the council of the college of education scientific departments in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in biology by. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Lernaea cyprinacea parasitizes freshwater fish, attaching on the outside surface by. Lernaea cyprinacea and occurrence of lernaeasis in farmed and wild warm water fishes is a major problem of aquaculture industry in iran.
Pdf the experiment was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of lernaea cyprinacea and its effects on growth, hematology and skin. Rana boylii linked to unusually warm summers and amphibian. The head is equipped with horns that anchor the parasite in the subdermal tissues of the host fish. An ichthyological and biomonitoring survey of fish. Aspects of the morphology of the parasitic copepod lernaea. They were maintained under laboratory conditions for three days prior to exposure 22. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. It is being provided to meet the need for timely best science. Lernaea cyprinacea in common carp and other warm water fi shes is one of the major problems of aquaculture industry in serbia. Pdf a morphological study on the ectoparasite lernaea cyprinacea, found on labeo rosae and oreochromis mossambicus in the olifants river in the kruger.
A morphological study on the ectoparasite lernaea cyprinacea, found on labeo rosae and oreochromis mossambicus in the olifants river in the kruger national park, south africa, was done with the use of scanning electron microscopy. The life cycle from egg to mature adult was completed in 14 days at 2225c. Pathogen susceptibility of silver carp hypophthalmichthys. Behind it is a welldeveloped holdfast, normally consisting of two bifurcate dorsal processes and two simple ventral processes fig. They mate during the last freeswimming copepodid stage of development. Incidence of lernaea cyprinacea on lake malawi bagrus. On the occurrence of parasite, lernaea cyprinacea from. Government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the. Out of 600 fish, only 63 were infested with lernaea cyprinacea and 74 were infested with l. Approximately species of lernaeids lernaea and lernaea like parasites have been described. It may be associated to great economic liabilities due to high mortality rates and its repugnance aspect to fish. On one of the hosts, approximately 20 lernaea specimens were counted. Site selection on hosts by copepodids of lernaea cyprinacea l.
Distribution of the exotic parasite, lernaea cyprinacea. Our paper describes case of lerneosis in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. Lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus, 1758 anterior anchor or holdfast organ having single pair of yshaped branches lernaea cruciata le, sueur, 1824. During the summer of 1914 while working at the bureau of fisheries station at. Impact of lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus 1758 crustacea.
In japan, lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus, 1758 is one of the common parasites of freshwater fishes, and it has been reported from more than 30 species of fishes and also from two species of amphibians newts and frog tadpoles nagasawa et al. Approximately species of lernaeids lernaea and lernaealike parasites have been described. Experiments on the control of anchor worm lernaea cyprinacea. Abdelsalamc a department of fish diseases and management, faculty of veterinary medicine, cairo university, egypt b department of parasitology, faculty of veterinary medicine, cairo university, egypt. On the occurrence of parasite, lernaea cyprinacea from common. Dec 11, 2019 lernaea cyprinacea is the most widely distributed species of the genus, which also exhibits very low host specificity, infecting a wide range of freshwater fishes, as well as some amphibians 19, 20, but its anchoring apparatus is much more complex.
Fishes were identified and examined for the presence of lernaea species. First report of the parasitic copepod lernaea cyprinacea copepoda. Life history study on lernaea cyprinacea showed that the first copepodid stage appeared 34 days after hatching and there are six copepodid stages similar to. Extensive culture wild spawn wild spawn is an extensive method of production.
The lernaeid copepod lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus, 1758, often called the anchor worm, is a parasite of freshwater fishes in various regions of the world. Lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus is an ectoparasitic copepod that infects the gills and skin of various freshwater. Lernaea cyprinacea is the most widely distributed species of the genus, which also exhibits very low host specificity, infecting a wide range of freshwater fishes, as well as some amphibians 19, 20, but its anchoring apparatus is much more complex. Aspects of the morphology of the parasitic copepod lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus, 1758 and notes on its distribution in africa by jenny robinson and a. The infections were located on a soft part of the dorsal and anal fins regions.
Lernaea cyprinacea, clinostomoides brieni, parasite, cichlids, intensity, malilangwe an assessment was carried out on the impact of lernaea cyprinacea on. Lernaea also incorrectly spelled lernea is a genus of copepod crustaceans commonly called anchor worms, parasitic on freshwater fishes. Fish should weigh 3 to 12 pounds100 0 fish or be from 333 to 83 fish per pound. Signs of inflammation are also visible on the fish. Only the wormlike females, which have hornlike processes or anchors on the cephalothorax 38, are parasitic. Introduction invasive species is are alien nonnative organisms that have been introduced into an area outside of their natural range, establishing selfsustaining populations and spreading beyond their initial point of.
Kupferberg1,2, alessandro catenazzi2, kevin lunde3, amy j. Lernaea cyprinacea is a non hostspecific parasitic copepod known to infest many freshwater fish species. Geological survey usgs and is provided on the condition that neither the usgs nor the u. New tendencies for therapy against parasitic crustacean in fish farms 305 the finding and the separation of female parasites located subdermally in cases of lerneosis and upon the body in cases of argulosis, as well as the microscope investigation made proving unquestionable. Lernaea cyprinacea anchor worm, a parasitic cyclopoid copepod is found to parasitize in the broodstock, nursery, and culture system in the freshwater aquaculture ponds and hatchery of jessore regions. Lernaea infestation on fishes in western australia. Life history study on lernaea cyprinacea showed that the first copepodid stage appeared 34 days after hatching and there are six copepodid stages similar to those reported in other studies on this species. Pdf aspects of the morphology of the parasitic copepod lernaea. Patagonia along with the common carp, cyprinus carpio. Lernaea parasites recorded from freshwater fishes of iran. This species is a cosmopolitan ectoparasite, worldwide. The adult female lernaea cyprinacea has a small semispherical cephalothorax, which contains the mouth. The attachment organ is visible on the anterior, and the egg sacs on the. Morphometric and meristic details of the anchor worm lernaea collected are as given in following table and figures.
The parasitic copepod lernaea cyprinacea from freshwater. New tendencies for therapy against parasitic crustacean in. Lernaea has also been reported to infest amphibians. Jun 28, 2019 approximately species of lernaeids lernaea and lernaealike parasites have been described. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Pdf prevalence and effects of lernaea cyprinacea anchor worm. Lernaea anchorworm infestations in fish 3 hardier than younger life stages. The information has not received final approval by the u. In this research, metazoan parasites of nase chondrostoma nasus l. Effect of the infestation by lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus. Lernaea cyprinacea infection during transfer of fish from affected ponds. During the study, total 111 nase were caught monthly and 3 species of parasites were recorded. It is therefore the core objective of this study to assess and document the incidence of l.
New host records for lernaea cyprinacea copepoda, a. Morphology is not a reliable taxonomic tool for the genus lernaea. It was introduced to brazil some years ago with hungarian carp pavanelli et al. Mar 21, 2015 lernaea cyprinacea and occurrence of lernaeasis in farmed and wild warm water fishes is a major problem of aquaculture industry in iran.
Avenantoldewage1 department of zoology, rand afrikaans university, p. When geographical coordinates of the study area were not provided in the bibliographic source, the coordinates were derived from map coordinate conversion tools. Survey of lernaeid in shizothorax zarudnyi from chahnimeh lakes. A yes in table 2 does not mean that salt is the only treatment or the optimal treatment, just that it will work.
A partial scheme of homologies of the antennulary segments is proposed, and the. Complete elimination of anchor worms was achieved by the use of 0. Th e optimal temperature range for lernaea development is 2628c. Box 524, johannesburg 2000, republic of south africa abstract.
Lerneosis is disease of fish caused by lernaea cyprinacea. The present study was conducted to compare the rate of l. Plant a band of rye grass around the pond to serve as spawning material. Lernaea cyprinacea linnaeus, 1758 lernaeidae is an important freshwater fish parasite which has a wide geographical range. It appears that the species in western australia is most likely to be l. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Punjab university journal of zoology university of the punjab. Infestations with lernaea are most prevalent in the summer months and occur more commonly in stagnant or slowmoving water bodies. A comparative study on the parasitic fauna of the common carp. Contribution from the united states fisheries biological station, fairport, iowa. After mating, the female burrows into the flesh of a fish and transforms into an unsegmented, wormlike form, usually with a portion hanging from the fishs body.
A comparative study on the parasitic fauna of the common. They get their name from the shape of the head which resembles a ships anchor. Institute university central institute of freshwater aquaculture indian council of agricultural research address regional research centre of cifa hessarghatta lake p. The pathogen susceptibility of silver carp hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp hypophthalmichthys nobilis in the wabash river watershed project was undertaken to address the lack of available information regarding pathogens in the highly invasive silver and bighead carps, collectively known as bigheaded carps. Lernaea cyprinacea, one of the more common species, is found worldwide. Copepoda, popularly known as anchorworm, is a crustacean ectoparasite with worldwide distribution and extremely common in the culture of commercial fish. The copepod lernaea cyprinacea was presumably cointroduced to. Lernaea cyprinacea, one of the more common species. It is most common in cyprinids, including koi, common carp, and goldfish. Parasitic copepod lernaea cyprinacea outbreaks in foothill yellowlegged frogs rana boylii linked to unusually warm summers and amphibian malformations in northern california sarah j.
If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Morphology is not a reliable taxonomic tool for the genus. Thursday september 4th langevincartier parasitology 1. The cephalic horns enable the parasite to fix itself into the host muscle tissue. Pdf invasion of lernaea cyprinacea in rainbow trout. Order family species native exotic locality region reference cypriniformes cyprinidae abramis brama native north of iran caspian jalali, 1998 abramis bjoerkna. This information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision. This page was last edited on 10 november 2019, at 12. During the present study, 600 fish were examined for lernaeid ectoparasites at a commercial fish farm in multan, pakistan. A number of methods have been used effectively to control lernaea, but recommendations will vary depending upon the fish species and the situation.
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